OUR VISION
Eyecare For Our Community
What is Macular Degeneration?
Macular Degeneration (loss of central vision)
Macular Degeneration causes loss of central vision and is the leading case of registered vision impairment for people over 50 in the western world.
If you, a family member or friend have been recently diagnosed, you should read about it here.
YOUR EYES
The eye is like a camera. The front part is clear and contains the lens that focuses light onto the retina at the back, which is like the film in the camera. In the centre of the retina lies the MACULA, an area the size of a grain of rice which contains the cells that process the fine detail and colour of what you see. The rest of the retina, lying outside the macula, processes your peripheral vision.
Macular Degeneration (MD) causes the macula to deteriorate. If it occurs in later life, it is called Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD). This leads to varying degrees of visual impairment and will impede daily activities such as reading, driving, recognising faces and working with fine detail. It does not lead to total blindness since peripheral vision is not lost.
TYPES OF MD
There are two main types of MD - Dry and Wet
Dry MD - This is the steady deterioration of the cells of the macula. Onset and progression is normally gradual. Unfortunately there is currently no treatment for Dry MD but those with the condition can be considerably helped by the use of low vision aids. Giving up smoking, maintaining a healthy diet and/or the use of nutritional supplements may stabilise or slow down development of both types of MD.
Wet MD - This results from the growth of abnormal blood vessels lying behind the macula. These vessels leak fluid causing damage and scarring to the macula itself leading to loss of central vision. Wet MD often starts suddenly and can progress very quickly.
There are treatments to stabilise some forms of Wet MD but they must be given very soon after the onset of symptoms. Speed is essential so rapid diagnosis is critical.
If you have noticed a sudden change in your vision come to see us without delay and we can refer you direct to a retinal specialist at the most suitable clinic. For suspected Wet MD, a patient should be seen urgently and within a week if possible. More than 3 weeks is too long a delay for this appointment. For Dry MD change will be more gradual and a patient should receive an ophthalmic assessment within 3 months. Your condition may be referred to as Wet or Dry AMD.
Wet MD is best diagnosed using Ocular Coherence Tomography and we are able to offer this diagnostic technique whenever we feel that is appropriate, leading to rapid and accurate diagnosis and referral.
After diagnosis you may be offered active treatment of the disease but these treatments are not suitable for everyone. Either way you will be given further advice and appropriate support. We will be happy to point you in the right direction.
What are Eye Cataracts?
Cataracts are the most commonly diagnosed eye condition in adults over the age of 55
A cataract occurs when the crystalline lens of the eye becomes cloudy, which gradually causes blurred vision - rather like looking through dirty spectacle lenses. Some people with cataracts are also more sensitive to light and can experience double vision.
Cataracts can form at any age but most will develop as we get older. Other causes of cataract, apart from age, are:
- Injury to the eye
- Certain diseases such as diabetes
- Congenital conditions
- Smoking or heavy drinking
Previously eye specialists would wait until the cataract was causing severe vision problems before they would suggest surgery. Today, however, surgery can be performed as soon as your eyesight interferes with your daily life. Your natural lens is removed and replaced with an artificial lens implant.
Standard cataract surgery is available with quite short waiting times in Birmingham and Solihull completely free of charge subject to certain criteria which we, as your optometrist, can explain to you.
In addition to NHS surgery most cataract service providers also provide enhanced options privately. You can choose to have a premium or multifocal lens implant instead of receiving a regular lens implant, these advanced lenses may correct any other pre-existing visual defects you may have, so that you would not be as dependent upon spectacles or contact lenses after your treatment.
Glaucoma
Reflective lenses, more accurately referred to as reflective optics or mirrored lenses, are optical components that manipulate light primarily by reflection rather than refraction (as in traditional lenses). However, in casual use, people sometimes refer to mirrored sunglasses or similar optical devices as “reflective lenses.”
Here's a breakdown of the possible meanings depending on context:
1. In Sunglasses and Eyewear:
- Reduce glare from water, snow, and other reflective surfaces.
- Enhance visual comfort in bright environments.
2. In Optical Systems (Telescopes, Cameras, etc.):
- In professional optics, reflective elements are usually mirrors, not lenses.
- These are used in reflecting telescopes, where concave mirrors focus light instead of lenses.
3. Reflective Lenses in Photonics (Advanced Use):
- Some specialized compound optical devices combine lenses and reflective surfaces (like catadioptric systems) for better performance in compact forms.
- Used in applications like laser systems, photography, and astronomy.
Protecting Your Vision
1. Follow the 20-20-20 Rule
- Every 20 minutes, look at something 20 feet away for 20 seconds.
- This reduces eye strain and fatigue.
2. Practice Good Eye Hygiene
- Wash your hands before touching your eyes or face.
- Avoid rubbing your eyes.
- Remove makeup thoroughly before bed.
- Change contact lenses as directed and keep them clean.
3. Protect Your Eyes from UV Light
- Wear 100% UV-blocking sunglasses even on cloudy days.
- Use a wide-brimmed hat for extra protection outdoors.
Treating Sore Eyes
Common Causes & Treatments for Sore Eyes
1. Dry Eyes
Symptoms: Gritty, burning, or stinging sensation
Treatment:
- Use artificial tears (preservative-free preferred)
- Blink often, especially when using screens
- Use a humidifier
- Avoid smoke, wind, and dry environments
2. Eye Strain (e.g., from screens)
Symptoms: Tired, achy, or watery eyes
Treatment:
- Follow the 20-20-20 rule: Every 20 minutes, look at something 20 feet away for 20 seconds
- Adjust screen brightness and use anti-glare screens
- Ensure proper lighting and ergonomic posture
3. Allergies
Symptoms: Itchy, red, watery eyes
Treatment:
- Use antihistamine eye drops
- Avoid allergens (e.g., pollen, dust)
- Use cool compresses
4. Conjunctivitis (Pink Eye)
Symptoms: Redness, discharge, itching or burning
Treatment:
- Viral: Usually resolves on its own; use cool compresses and lubricating drops
- Bacterial: May need antibiotic drops (see a doctor)
- Allergic: Treat with allergy meds and drops
5. Infection or Injury
Symptoms: Pain, blurred vision, sensitivity to light, or discharge
Treatment:
- Seek medical attention immediately
- Avoid rubbing your eyes
- Do not wear contact lenses until cleared
